History of the Computer – Data Handling Peripherals, Part 2 of 3

December 17, 2009 at 10:00 pm

History of the Computer – Data Handling Peripherals, Part 2 of 3

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System and workstation PRINTERS

The line printer has been used on mainframes variously a drum printer, where all the characters on a rotating drum, a band with etched print an oscillating or circulating pressure band or a shuttle printer, to print all these hammers the ink from a transfer belt Sprocket feed paper continuously. A typical maximum speed for a line printer is 2000 lines per minute, although at this speed, the maintenance effort was quite hard, mechanicalComponents contributed more quickly. These mechanical printers are known as "impact" printers.

A large scale laser was in the late 1980s is possible, it was the size of your kitchen, and are controlled by a mini-computer. It uses standard printer paper sheet drawer and could print up to 200 pages per minute. His way of working was basically similar to the laser printer on your desk.

LASER PRINTERS

The laser printer rose to wider use in the 1980sand produces a superior print quality of the contemporary dot-matrix printer (see below). Initially, problems such as messy toner and stripe and spots on the prints were disadvantages have been overcome. The laser printer works by transferring a full page image on a photosensitive drum or belt, scan data from a buffer with a laser beam as the drum rotates. At the same time a high voltage is applied to transfer the toner on the drum, and from there onto the paper, even moving under the drum. The paper passes through a fuser, when a heating roller fuses the toner to the paper.

This system allows graphics and text to be printed in high quality, a complete page at once. The color is also possible, with four different types of drums and toner. Different paper sizes are available, and the printer will also make overhead transparencies and other special types of printing.

Inkjet

Also, used mainly for its color printing capacity in color> Laser printers were available, the inkjet printer was fairly common. These work by tiny droplets measured black or colored ink on paper in a matrix consistent with the data in a buffer. Commercial versions of these printers, the paper then heat so that the ink more permanent. A pressure produces a row at a time from the matrix, paper for a full sheet. They are also prints and are capable of high quality, comparable to photo printing. Maintenance costsare high for replacement ink cartridges and the printer are not always robust enough for continuous use in the sometimes "take unfriendly" towards.

Matrix Printers

Early small printer for use at a distance from the central computer is usually associated video terminals, but at first on their own, were mostly dot-matrix printers. Some of them have survived to this day, as they are of the type of "impact". This is the only kind that can print multi-part forms. A laser or inkjet printerPrinters (NIP and Non-impact printers) to print duplicate pages to reach the same result. Remember the warning in multi-part forms – 'Hard Press to write 6 pages! ?

A dot-matrix printer works with small pins, usually 9, but can more or less depending on the desired quality. These pins are arranged vertically and print by defeat against the ribbon and paper on a roll, similar to a typewriter. The print head moves across the page, so that a single character is formed,by sequential strikes to the corresponding pins. He can turn right or from right to left left to print.

The effect is similar to the segments of a digital clock. This type of printer can produce images as a function of data sent from the computer. The color is also possible, with a four-color volume, with the tape carrier moved vertically to change color.

In Part 3 we look at the development of consoles and networking.

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